In the 19th century, Europeans emerged from several centuries called the Dark Ages

Lesson 3 

In the 19th century, Europeans emerged from several centuries called the Dark Ages. In the same century, the industrial revolution began in Europe. At that time, thinkers who became pioneers in social knowledge arose on the continent of Europe. They base their views on atheism. The four greatest thinkers were Karl Marx (1818 - 1883), a German economist, Charles Darwin (1809 - 1882), an English biologist, and Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939), a physician. Austrian and Friedrich Nietzsche (1844 - 1900) who was a German philosopher. 

These men in their scientific writings tried to edit the social, psychological, moral and economic aspects. In their views, they said that religion has alienated people from their humanity, which has led to rules that oppose their independence and freedom. They have also said that religion is a way to manipulate people's minds and that it is a criminal matter that interferes with human life. They added that religion is a necessity in those early times and it was emerging. 

The idea that there is a god is an attempt by a person to overcome a state of indifference and rely on the relationship of a personality with complete instructions that fills the gap. They took the example of children who, when they are young, see their parents as the complete creation of them. But when they grow up, their shortcomings become apparent. The thinkers who were the pioneers of these four men (Marx, Darwin, Freud and Nietzsche), the theories presented by them found an opportunity in the Christian religion which became weaker at that time after the increase of myths. 

The people of Europe themselves wanted to be free from the many myths and lies filled in the books that were said to be sacred. Then, in the 20th century, the drastic changes in human life caused the creeping ideas to float away. The integration of the nations of the world that had colonial and anti-colonial movements followed by independence and social relations including political alliances, trade, knowledge exchange, military alliances and trade relations, resulted in that the nations of the world come closer together. 

These things caused your ideas to reach each other. The anti-God theory was established by the system known as the Soviet Union and China. They adopted the economic curriculum set forth by Karl Marx, who was one of the leaders of anti-theism. After World War II, the Soviet Union revealed that they had become one of the governments that had won the war. They have become a powerful force against the West in the world's political arena. Then his curriculum was adopted by every government and his policies were implemented. The atheism movement then got a good opportunity to spread. 

New Atheism differs from Old Atheism in that this new belief is more radical than the old one. The old faith was one that most people used to seek justice. It is a belief that is born in the person who seems to be oppressed and they are living with it. For example, a person who is more powerful and is wronged, or an animal who is being punished or a person who is suffering in his own way and is not helping anyone, or he is suffering. Then he asks himself, if there is a God, why is he not doing something about it? This new anti-God advocates the view that superstitions, which are part of religion, cannot be easily tolerated. Instead, it should be criticized, challenged, examined, and reasoned with. 

This new anti-God theory started after the 11/9-2000 attack on the Manhattan Twin Towers in New York, and created a strong fear. This incident, the manner in which it happened, the place where it happened and the time it happened, were all unexpected and raised a general feeling. It terrorized the people of the world, especially the Westerners. The United States, which was the country that was particularly affected by the disease, has been questioned about this incident and how to prevent it from happening again. A new anti-God campaign was born there. This campaign is called the new anti-God. 

The first man who flagged this project is called Paul Kurtz (1921 - 2012). He is a scholar, a sage, a secularist, a skeptic, who was born in the United States. He is called the father of the secular humanism (Father of the Secular Humanism). He is the founder of CFI (Center for Inquiry). It is a center where scholars gather to reduce the world's faith in God. 

 ِمُ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ ۚ وَهُوَ الْحَكِيمُ الْخَبِيرُ) 

Surah Al-An'am, verse 73